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Mitral valve prolapse: two dimensional echocardiography reveals a high prevalence in three to twelve year old

R Gupta1, B K Jain, H P Gupta

  • 1Department of Medicine, Monilek Hospital, Jaipur, India.

Indian Pediatrics
|April 1, 1992
PubMed

Insights

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is common in children up to 12 years old, affecting 13.1% of those studied. Echocardiography is a superior diagnostic tool for MVP compared to mid-systolic murmurs.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Valvular Heart Disease

Background:

  • Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) prevalence is thought to be age-related, potentially being more common in younger populations.
  • Previous assumptions suggested asymptomatic MVP might be most frequent in very young children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To accurately determine the prevalence of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) in young children.
  • To investigate the relationship between MVP and various demographic and clinical factors in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective survey of 213 healthy urban school children aged 3-12 years.
  • Diagnosis of MVP using two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography at parasternal long-axis views.
  • Analysis of prevalence across different age groups and correlation with sex, birth weight, heart rate, and blood pressure.

Main Results:

  • Overall MVP prevalence was 13.1% (28/213 children) and consistent across studied age groups (3-5.9, 6-8.9, and 9-12 years).
  • MVP prevalence was independent of sex, birth weight, resting heart rate, and blood pressure.
  • A mid-systolic murmur was present in 50.6% of children but correlated with echocardiographic MVP diagnosis in only 39.3%.

Conclusions:

  • Asymptomatic mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is frequent in children up to 12 years of age.
  • Echocardiography is a significantly more reliable diagnostic test for MVP than the presence of an apical systolic murmur.
  • No specific morphological left ventricular correlates were identified in children with MVP.

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