Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 25, 2026
05:32
Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
Published on: December 7, 2018
Co-occurring disorders in children who stutter
Gordon W Blood1, Victor J Ridenour, Constance Dean Qualls
1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, 110 Moore Building, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. f2x@psu.edu
Journal of Communication Disorders
|September 12, 2003
Summary
Most children who stutter have co-occurring speech or language disorders, with males more likely to have these conditions. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) provide various treatments for these complex cases.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Speech-Language Pathology
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Childhood Communication Impairments
Background:
- Stuttering often co-occurs with other communication and non-communication disorders in children.
- Understanding these co-occurring conditions is crucial for effective intervention.
- Previous research has not comprehensively detailed the prevalence and types of these co-occurrences.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of co-occurring speech disorders, language disorders, and non-speech-language disorders in children who stutter.
- To identify the frequency, session length, and types of treatment services for children with co-occurring disorders.
- To analyze demographic differences, such as gender, in the occurrence of these co-occurring conditions.
Main Methods:
- A mail survey was administered to a nationwide sample of 1184 speech-language pathologists (SLPs).
- Data were collected on 2628 children who stutter, detailing co-occurring disorders and treatment patterns.
- Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests, were used to examine relationships between variables.
Main Results:
- 62.8% of children who stutter presented with co-occurring speech, language, or non-speech-language disorders.
- Articulation (33.5%) and phonology (12.7%) disorders were the most common speech comorbidities.
- Learning disabilities (15.2%), literacy disorders (8.2%), and attention deficit disorders (5.9%) were most frequent among non-speech-language disorders.
- Males were significantly more likely than females to exhibit co-occurring speech and non-speech-language disorders.
Conclusions:
- A significant majority of children who stutter have co-occurring disorders, necessitating comprehensive assessment and tailored treatment plans.
- Speech-language pathologists manage diverse profiles of co-occurring conditions, with specific patterns observed in males.
- Further research into the impact of these comorbidities on treatment efficacy is warranted.
Related Concept Videos
01:43Sex Linked Disorders
Like autosomes, sex chromosomes contain a variety of genes necessary for normal body function. When a mutation in one of these genes results in biological deficits, the disorder is considered sex-linked.
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
01:30Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
01:30Oppositional Defiant Disorder
A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Diagnostic Criteria and...
01:28Conduct Disorder
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
01:25Learning Disabilities
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...