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Morphohistochemical characterization of suramin--induced chronic toxicity in rat kidney
P Soldani1, R Danesi, M P Ricciardi
1Istituto di Anatomia Umana Normale, Università di Pisa, Italy.
Abstract:
The effects of a chronic administration of suramin were evaluated on renal parenchyma of young rats. Animals were given suramin 18 mg/kg i.p. twice a week for two months, a treatment schedule equivalent to that used in cancer patients. At the end of the treatment, suramin concentrations in plasma and kidney were assayed and a morphohistochemical examination of renal parenchyma was carried out. Marked and widespread alterations were detected in both cortex and medulla and were associated with elevated tissue suramin levels exceeding 5 mg/g of tissue. The present data demonstrate that suramin induces a severe chronic renal damage in the rat, associated with high drug tissue levels.
Insights
Chronic suramin administration in rats caused severe kidney damage. High drug levels in kidney tissue were associated with widespread alterations in both the cortex and medulla.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Suramin is a drug used in cancer therapy.
- The renal effects of chronic suramin administration are not well-documented.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effects of chronic suramin administration on rat renal parenchyma.
- To correlate drug tissue levels with observed renal damage.
Main Methods:
- Young rats received suramin (18 mg/kg i.p.) twice weekly for two months.
- Plasma and kidney suramin concentrations were measured.
- Renal parenchyma underwent morphohistochemical examination.
Main Results:
- Marked, widespread alterations were observed in both renal cortex and medulla.
- Elevated kidney suramin levels exceeded 5 mg/g of tissue.
- A correlation was found between high drug tissue levels and renal damage.
Conclusions:
- Suramin induces severe chronic renal damage in rats.
- High drug tissue levels are associated with this observed nephrotoxicity.