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Expression and secretion of the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in human placenta and its decrease in fetal growth

G Rajashekhar1, A Loganath, A C Roy

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation
|September 13, 2003
PubMed
Summary

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Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is down-regulated in fetal growth restriction (FGR) pregnancies, indicating a link between VCAM-1 production and placental deficiency. This study compares VCAM-1 expression in normal and FGR pregnancies.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Immunology
  • Cellular biology

Background:

  • Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is an immunoglobulin superfamily member expressed on endothelial cells.
  • VCAM-1 plays a role in cell adhesion and immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare VCAM-1 expression and secretion in normal pregnancies versus those with fetal growth restriction (FGR).
  • To investigate the developmental regulation of VCAM-1 in placental tissue.

Main Methods:

  • Placental explants from first-trimester, normal term, and FGR pregnancies were cultured in vitro.
  • VCAM-1 mRNA expression was analyzed using RT-PCR.
  • VCAM-1 protein levels were quantified by ELISA.
  • Cellular localization was determined by confocal microscopy.

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Main Results:

  • VCAM-1 levels were significantly higher in first-trimester placentas compared to normal term placentas.
  • VCAM-1 production and mRNA expression were significantly decreased in FGR placentas compared to normal term placentas.
  • Secretion profiles of VCAM-1 correlated with mRNA levels across all groups.

Conclusions:

  • VCAM-1 production in placental villi is developmentally regulated, decreasing at term.
  • Reduced VCAM-1 expression in FGR pregnancies may be associated with uteroplacental deficiency.
  • VCAM-1 may serve as a biomarker for FGR.