A lethal neurotoxic protein from Indian king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) venom

¹Laboratory of Toxinology and Experimental Pharmacodynamics, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Calcutta 700 009, India.

|September 17, 2003

Abstract:

A lethal neurotoxin protein (Toxin CM36) was isolated and purified from the Indian King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) venom by CM-Sephadex ion exchange chromatography and HPLC. The purified toxin had a SDS-molecular weight of 15 +/- 0.5 kD. The UV absorption spectra of Toxin CM36 showed a peak at 280 nm and an Emax at 343.8 nm, when excited at 280 nm fluorescence. Toxin CM36 had an LD50 of 3.5 microg/20 g (i.v.) in male albino mice. It exhibited neurotoxicity and produced irreversible blockade of isolated chick biventer cervicis and rat phrenic nerve diaphragm. The neurotoxicity was found to be Ca2+ dependent. Toxin CM36 had no significant effect on isolated guineapig heart and auricle. It also had no effect on blood pressure of cat and rat but produced respiratory apnoea in rat and guineapig. Toxin CM36 lacked phospholipase activity.

Keywords:

Ophiophagus hannah venom pharmacology respiratory apnoea neuromuscular blockade

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