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[Hodgkin's disease in childhood]
G Grazia1, P L Tarizzo, M Bianchi
1Divisione di Pediatria Oncologica, Università degli Studi di Torino.
Minerva Pediatrica
|December 1, 1992
Summary
Hodgkin disease (HD) is a neoplastic syndrome confirmed by advanced techniques. Modern treatments offer over 95% survival, with reduced side effects and a focus on preventing secondary cancers.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Genetics
Context:
- Hodgkin disease (HD) is increasingly recognized as a neoplastic syndrome.
- Advances in immunohistochemistry and cytogenetics confirm the monoclonal origin of Reed-Sternberg cells, the hallmark of HD.
- Associations between pediatric HD and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positivity are noted, particularly in developed nations.
Purpose:
- To review the histopathologic classification of Hodgkin disease.
- To discuss the current management strategies for pediatric Hodgkin disease.
- To evaluate treatment outcomes, sequelae, and long-term risks associated with Hodgkin disease therapy.
Summary:
- Hodgkin disease is classified into four subtypes, with nodular sclerosis and mixed cellularity being more common in children.
- Treatment involves combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy, yielding survival rates exceeding 95%.
- Modern therapeutic approaches minimize treatment-related sequelae, such as impaired growth and organ function, by using lower doses and targeted radiation fields.
Impact:
- Improved understanding of HD pathogenesis and classification aids in accurate prognosis and tailored therapeutic strategies.
- High survival rates and reduced treatment toxicity in pediatric Hodgkin disease patients are achieved.
- Long-term surveillance is crucial to monitor for and manage potential secondary malignancies, including leukemia and solid tumors, following treatment for Hodgkin disease.