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Related Experiment Videos

Opiates and immune function. Consequences on infectious diseases with special reference to AIDS.

B Rouveix1

  • 1Département de Pharmacologie Clinique, INSERM U.13, Paris.

Therapie
|November 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Exogenous opioids suppress immune cell function, increasing infection risk in users. Chronic use may lead to immune tolerance, but short-term exposure remains detrimental.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Exogenous opioids impact immune system cells both in vitro and in vivo.
  • Opioids pharmacologically suppress cell-mediated immunity, affecting T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, NK cells, and macrophages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of exogenous opioids on the immune system.
  • To explore the mechanisms underlying opioid-induced immunomodulation.
  • To discuss the clinical implications of opioid use on infection susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro and in vivo studies were reviewed.
  • Experimental models were utilized to assess immune responses.
  • Naloxone, an opioid antagonist, was used to investigate receptor mediation.

Main Results:

  • Opioids impair T-dependent antibody production, T lymphocyte functions, and NK cell activity.
  • Macrophage oxidative burst and phagocytosis are inhibited by opioids.
  • Opioid administration affects susceptibility to bacterial and viral infections, influenced by dosage and duration.

Conclusions:

  • Opioids exert significant immunosuppressive effects, mediated by opioid receptors and potentially involving neuroendocrine and sympathetic pathways.
  • Clinical consequences include increased infection incidence in intravenous opioid users.
  • Chronic opioid treatment may induce immune tolerance, while acute exposure is linked to increased susceptibility to infections.

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