Chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible: case report

Chronic osteomyelitis is a devastating disease of unknown etiology. The primary cause is usually thought to be microbiological. The diagnosis of osteomyelitis of the mandible is arduous, particularly in the early stages, and this disease is almost always difficult to cure. Clinical symptoms, radiographic changes and histologic findings are characteristic of this disease. Treatment modalities have been directed toward eradicating microbes and improving circulation, in the early stages. In the case presented, surgical debridement and IV antibiotics were the treatment of choice. The bone biopsy histopathology report in this case, revealed normal bone, which was inconsistent with chronic osteomyelitis. This article delves into the literature providing history and current research trends in the diagnosis, treatment and follow up care for chronic osteomyelitis.