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The human selenium status in Hungary.

G Alfthan¹, G Bogye, A Aro

¹Department of Nutrition, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland.

Journal of Trace Elements and Electrolytes in Health and Disease

|December 1, 1992

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Selenium levels in Hungarians vary geographically, with lower concentrations found in the South. This study assessed selenium status in serum, toenails, fingernails, and wheat across Hungary to understand regional differences.

Area of Science:

Nutritional Science
Environmental Health
Analytical Chemistry

Background:

Selenium (Se) concentration in food and human blood varies geographically due to soil availability.
European serum Se levels range from 0.80-1.50 mumol/l, and wheat Se from 0.02-0.11 mg/kg.
Selenium status data for Hungarians is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To estimate the selenium status of the Hungarian population using various biomarkers.
To investigate geographical variations in selenium levels within Hungary.
To correlate selenium levels in human samples with wheat selenium content.

Main Methods:

Collected serum (n=238), toenails (n=132), fingernails (n=211), and wheat (n=29) samples from four Hungarian districts.
Determined serum Se using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS).

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Measured Se in nails and wheat via acid-digestion fluorimetry, with methods verified by external reference samples.

Main Results:

Mean serum Se concentration was 0.70 +/- 0.12 mumol/l, with significantly lower levels in the South (0.60 mumol/l) compared to the East (0.87 mumol/l).
Mean toenail Se was 0.56 +/- 0.18 mg/kg, showing higher levels in the East (0.68 mg/kg) and lowest in the South (0.40 mg/kg).
Wheat Se ranged from 5 to 235 micrograms/kg (median 34 micrograms/kg), with lowest concentrations generally found in the South.

Conclusions:

Selenium status in Hungary exhibits significant geographical variation, with Southern regions showing the lowest levels.
The observed pattern in human samples (serum, nails) corresponds with selenium levels in locally grown wheat.
Further research is warranted to understand the implications of these regional selenium disparities.