Percutaneous transradial approach for coronary angiography

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Medicine
• Interventional Cardiology
• Vascular Access

Background:

• The femoral artery approach is standard for coronary angiography but can be challenging in patients with advanced arteriosclerosis.
• Alternative access sites are needed to improve procedural success and patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the feasibility and safety of a percutaneous radial artery approach for coronary angiography.
• To assess image quality and complication rates associated with radial artery access.

Main Methods:

• A prospective study involving 40 patients undergoing coronary angiography via a 5-F catheter through the radial artery.
• Patients were selected based on palpable radial/ulnar arteries and a normal Allen test.
• Catheterization of coronary arteries and saphenous vein grafts was performed using Judkins or Amplatz catheters.

Main Results:

• Successful coronary angiography was achieved in 39 out of 40 patients (97.5%).
• Excellent image quality of coronaries and vein grafts was obtained in all patients.
• Complications included diminished pulse in 13% (without pain), minor bleeding at the puncture site in 3%, and subcutaneous bleeding in 13%.

Conclusions:

• The percutaneous radial artery approach is a safe and effective alternative for coronary angiography, particularly in patients unsuitable for femoral access.
• It yields high-quality diagnostic images with a low incidence of significant complications.
• Careful patient selection and adherence to technique are crucial for optimal outcomes.