Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 16, 2026

Bioprinting of Cartilage and Skin Tissue Analogs Utilizing a Novel Passive Mixing Unit Technique for Bioink Precellularization
Published on: January 3, 2018
[Influence of vacuum mixing on mechanical properties of homemade bone cement]
1Arthropathy Clinic and Research Center, People's Hospital, Beijing Medical University.
Abstract:
Porosity, density and rotating bar bending fatigue life of homemade bone cement are analyzed with scanning electron microscopy for two different mixing techniques: manually vacuum mixing and manually non-vacuum mixing. By vacuum mixing the rotating bar bending fatigue life is increased from 0.98 x 10(4) +/- 0.31 x 10(4) to 1.33 x 10(4) +/- 0.17 x 10(4) (P < 0.05), density increased from 1.0638 +/- 0.0005g/cm3 to 1.1024 +/- 0.0068g/cm3 (P < 0.05), porosity reduced from 10.35% +/- 2.33% to 5.83% +/- 1.74% (P < 0.05), and incidence rate of big air inclusion reduced from 5.93% to 0.9%. We believe, vacuum mixing technique of bone cement should be recommended as a routine procedure to prevent aseptic loosening of prosthesis after total joint arthroplasty.
Related Concept Videos
Mortar Properties
Strength and Heat of Hydration
The heat of hydration for each cement compound is significant; for instance, tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and...
Setting Time of Cement
Strength of Cement
For compressive strength tests, ASTM C 109-05 standards prescribe a cement-sand mix ratio of 1:2.75 and a water/cement ratio of 0.485 for making 2-inch cubes. These cubes are mixed, cast, and cured in saturated lime water at 23°C until testing. Flexural strength testing, outlined in ASTM C...
Porosity in Cement Paste
The balance of water to cement in the mix is critical—it...

