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Post-polio syndrome: a review and case report
1Department of Orthopaedic and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand.
Summary
Post-polio syndrome (PPS) causes progressive muscle weakness and atrophy years after polio. Early diagnosis and rehabilitation are key to maintaining function and independence in patients with this late-onset paralysis.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Muscle Diseases
Background:
- Poliomyelitis is a viral disease that can cause acute flaccid paralysis.
- Post-polio syndrome (PPS) is a neurological condition affecting polio survivors, characterized by new or worsening muscle weakness and fatigue decades after the initial infection.
Observation:
- A 21-year-old Thai male presented with a 2-year history of progressive hand and forearm atrophy and weakness.
- He had a history of infantile poliomyelitis affecting his left leg.
- Physical examination revealed muscle atrophy, normal sensation, and altered reflexes, with EMG showing chronic denervation.
Findings:
- Muscle biopsy demonstrated muscle fiber degeneration and fibrosis.
- The patient's presentation and diagnostic findings were consistent with post-polio syndrome.
- Distinguishing PPS from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is crucial due to differing prognoses and management.
Implications:
- Post-polio syndrome can lead to significant functional disability and musculoskeletal pain.
- Tailored rehabilitation programs focusing on regular, joint-sparing exercise are essential for maintaining functional status.
- Independent living can be supported through effective management of PPS symptoms and complications.