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Diuretic induced hyponatraemia in the elderly.

¹Dept. of Medicine, St. John's Medical College & Hospital Bangalore.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India

|September 1, 1992

Summary

Diuretics can cause hyponatraemia (low sodium) in elderly patients, sometimes with hypokalaemia (low potassium). This condition requires consideration in elderly patients with altered mental status or seizures, especially those with hypertension.

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Area of Science:

Geriatric Medicine
Nephrology
Endocrinology

Background:

Diuretics are commonly prescribed for hypertension in the elderly.
Symptomatic hyponatraemia is a significant clinical challenge in geriatric populations.

Observation:

Elderly patients on diuretics may present with hyponatraemia.
Hypokalaemia frequently coexists and may contribute to hyponatraemia.
Altered sensorium and seizures are key presenting symptoms.

Findings:

Diuretic-induced hyponatraemia is a critical diagnosis in the elderly.
The association with hypokalaemia warrants further investigation into its role.
Hypertension is a common comorbidity, increasing risk.

Implications:

Clinicians must include diuretic-induced hyponatraemia in the differential diagnosis for elderly patients with neurological symptoms.
Early recognition and management are crucial to prevent severe complications.
Understanding the interplay between diuretics, electrolytes, and neurological function is vital for geriatric care.

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