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The lungs and vitamin A.

F Chytil1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146.

The American Journal of Physiology
|May 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Vitamin A (retinol) and retinoic acid are crucial for lung development and maturation. Supplementation may reduce illness in premature infants susceptible to bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

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Retinoids in lung development.

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·1996

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Developmental Biology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Vitamin A (retinol) and its metabolite, retinoic acid, are essential micronutrients.
  • Retinoids play a role in cellular differentiation and organ maturation.
  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a significant concern in premature infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on the role of vitamin A (retinol) and retinoic acid in lung differentiation and maturation.
  • To explore the molecular mechanisms of retinoid action in pulmonary gene expression.
  • To assess the potential benefits of vitamin A supplementation in premature neonates.

Main Methods:

  • Morphological observations of lung development in vitamin A deficiency.
  • Analysis of pulmonary gene expression related to retinoid signaling pathways.
  • Review of clinical data on vitamin A supplementation in premature infants.

Main Results:

  • Vitamin A deficiency causes reversible squamous metaplasia in the bronchopulmonary tree.
  • Lungs accumulate retinyl esters and express retinoid-binding proteins and receptors.
  • Vitamin A supplementation reduced morbidity in premature infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Conclusions:

  • Retinoids are critical for normal lung differentiation and maturation.
  • Molecular evidence supports retinoid involvement in pulmonary gene regulation.
  • Vitamin A supplementation shows promise in managing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants.

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