Developmental regulation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pump in the rabbit heart

Previous studies have demonstrated that myocardial function changes during mammalian perinatal development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the subcellular basis underlying the slower relaxation in the developing heart by examining perinatal changes in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) function, and in SR Ca2+ pump protein and mRNA abundance. We measured Ca2+ uptake and ATPase rates in isolated fetal, newborn, and adult rabbit cardiac SR membranes. In fetal and adult SR membranes, we estimated the active Ca2+ pump protein content by measuring the steady state Ca(2+)-dependent phosphoenzyme content; the total Ca2+ pump protein content was estimated by Western analysis of the immunoreactive Ca2+ pumps. We isolated RNA from fetal and adult hearts and estimated the SR Ca2+ pump mRNA content by Northern analysis. Ca2+ uptake and ATPase rates were significantly lower in the fetal and newborn SR membranes compared with the adult. The contents of active and total Ca2+ pump protein and of Ca2+ pump mRNA were 52-63% lower in the fetus than in the adult. These results indicate that a great deal of the slower sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ uptake and ATPase rates in the fetal rabbit heart can be related to lower Ca2+ pump mRNA and protein contents. It is evident that transcriptional and/or posttranscriptional regulation of the SR Ca2+ pump may form an important part of the subcellular basis of the perinatal change in mammalian cardiac relaxation.