Detection of human papillomavirus type 16 DNA sequences in archival cervical tissues by the polymerase chain reaction

We have evaluated the polymerase chain reaction for the detection of viral DNA sequences in paraffin-embedded archival tissues. In 63 frozen cervical biopsy specimens that were taken from premalignant and invasive lesions, Southern blotting detected human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 DNA in 28 (44%) of the samples. In the polymerase chain reaction analysis of the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded mirror biopsy specimens, 46 (73%) of the tissues were found to be positive for HPV type 16. In three Southern blotting-positive cases, the DNA of the paraffin-embedded sections was too scant or too degraded to allow the detection of HPV DNA by the polymerase chain reaction. In 21 Southern blotting-negative cases, HPV type 16 DNA could be demonstrated in the archival sections by the polymerase chain reaction technique--a sensitivity improvement of more than 80% over the standard method of HPV detection in tissues.