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Angioedema associated with lisinopril.

R S Rees¹, J Bergman, R Ramirez-Alexander

¹Department of Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY 10010.

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine

|July 1, 1992

Summary

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors like lisinopril can cause angioedema. This study found a higher incidence of drug-related angioedema with lisinopril compared to other similar medications.

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Area of Science:

Cardiology
Pharmacology
Emergency Medicine

Background:

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are widely prescribed for cardiovascular conditions.
Angioedema is a known, albeit rare, adverse effect associated with ACEI use.
Previous reports suggest varying incidences of angioedema among different ACEIs.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the incidence and characteristics of angioedema associated with lisinopril.
To compare the incidence of lisinopril-induced angioedema with that of other ACEIs.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of nine cases of angioedema in patients prescribed lisinopril.
Analysis of patient records from March 1989 to May 1990.
Classification of cases as probably or possibly drug-related based on temporal association.

Main Results:

Nine cases of angioedema were identified among 1,970 lisinopril prescriptions.
All cases presented with facial, lip, or buccal mucosal edema; none had laryngeal involvement.
Angioedema resolved within 1-2 days with diphenhydramine and lisinopril discontinuation.
The incidence of angioedema with lisinopril appeared higher than with captopril or enalapril.

Conclusions:

Lisinopril is associated with a notable incidence of angioedema.
Facial edema is the primary manifestation, typically resolving after drug cessation.
Lisinopril may carry a greater risk of angioedema compared to captopril and enalapril.

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