Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 17, 2026

Influenza Virus Propagation in Embryonated Chicken Eggs
06:56

Influenza Virus Propagation in Embryonated Chicken Eggs

Published on: March 19, 2015

Growth characteristics of influenza virus; biochemical differentiation of stages of development

W W ACKERMANN, H F MAASSAB

    The Journal of Experimental Medicine
    |October 1, 1954
    PubMed

    Insights

    Two viral inhibitors, methoxinine and alpha-amino-alpha p-methoxyphenylmethanesulfonic acid, target specific, sequential stages of influenza virus development. Their distinct actions reveal critical phases in viral replication and host-cell interaction.

    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Influenza virus replication involves complex stages.
    • Understanding viral inhibitor mechanisms aids in dissecting these stages.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the in vitro growth curve of influenza virus using two specific inhibitors.
    • To elucidate the distinct roles of methoxinine and alpha-amino-alpha p-methoxyphenylmethanesulfonic acid in viral development.

    Main Methods:

    • In vitro analysis of influenza virus growth in chorioallantoic membrane.
    • Application of methoxinine and alpha-amino-alpha p-methoxyphenylmethanesulfonic acid as viral inhibitors.
    • Investigation of inhibitor effects on specific viral development phases.

    Main Results:

    • Both inhibitors demonstrated specificity for distinct, sequential phases of viral development.
    • Alpha-amino-alpha p-methoxyphenylmethanesulfonic acid inhibited infection initiation and virus release, with release inhibition counteracted by cholera vibrio enzyme.
    • Methoxinine allowed infection initiation but blocked viral increase, affecting a process between infection initiation and infectious virus appearance.

    Conclusions:

    • Viral development can be defined by four stages sensitive to methoxinine and alpha-amino-alpha p-methoxyphenylmethanesulfonic acid.
    • A viral enzyme likely facilitates virus release, requiring a specific intracellular virus concentration.
    • Methoxinine inhibits a crucial biochemical process late in viral development.
    Keywords:
    INFLUENZA VIRUSES

    More Related Videos

    High-throughput Detection Method for Influenza Virus10:05

    High-throughput Detection Method for Influenza Virus

    Published on: February 4, 2012

    In Vitro Disassembly of Influenza A Virus Capsids by Gradient Centrifugation07:24

    In Vitro Disassembly of Influenza A Virus Capsids by Gradient Centrifugation

    Published on: March 27, 2016

    Related Concept Videos

    Influenza01:27

    Influenza

    Influenza is an acute, highly communicable viral disease that affects the respiratory tract and is responsible for seasonal epidemics worldwide. Influenza A is the most prevalent type associated with widespread outbreaks and is subtyped based on two surface glycoproteins: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N), as in H1N1. These glycoproteins are essential for viral infectivity, transmission, and immune recognition. Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets and contaminated...
    Inhibitors Of Virion Release01:25

    Inhibitors Of Virion Release

    Viral replication and dissemination rely on efficient mechanisms for host cell entry, genome replication, assembly, and release. Influenza viruses, such as types A and B, are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome, that depend on two critical surface glycoproteins to carry out these processes: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). HA initiates infection by binding to sialic acid residues on the surface of host epithelial cells, facilitating receptor-mediated...
    Leaky Scanning02:28

    Leaky Scanning

    During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R stands for...
    Viral Mutations00:36

    Viral Mutations

    A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material for adaptive...
    Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

    Viruses with RNA Genomes

    RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...