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Related Experiment Videos

Cleft hand, syndactyly and hypoplastic thumb.

T Miura1, R Nakamura, M Suzuki

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University, Japan.

Journal of Hand Surgery (Edinburgh, Scotland)
|June 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

This study found that typical cleft hand shares clinical traits with syndactyly. Unusual cases suggest cleft hand and hypoplastic thumb may arise from distinct embryonic developmental disruptions.

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Area of Science:

  • Congenital Hand Anomalies
  • Embryology
  • Clinical Genetics

Background:

  • Cleft hand and syndactyly are common congenital hand differences.
  • Understanding their distinct clinical features and potential etiologies is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the clinical features of typical cleft hand with various syndactyly types and hypoplastic thumb.
  • To investigate unusual presentations of typical cleft hand and associated anomalies.
  • To explore the embryonic timing of malformations in complex cases.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clinical data from 58 patients with typical cleft hand.
  • Comparative analysis with patient cohorts exhibiting syndactyly (long/ring fingers; ring/little/other fingers), hypoplastic thumb, and symbrachydactyly.
  • Detailed examination of two unique cases of typical cleft hand with associated anomalies.

Main Results:

  • Typical cleft hand exhibited clinical similarities to syndactyly.
  • Two cases of typical cleft hand presented with hypoplastic thumb, congenital heart anomalies, and absent axial triradius.
  • One of these unusual cases also involved cleft lip and palate.
  • Embryonic timing for heart anomalies (early) differs from cleft lip/palate (late).

Conclusions:

  • The clinical presentation of typical cleft hand overlaps with syndactyly.
  • Complex cases of typical cleft hand with hypoplastic thumb and other anomalies suggest developmental disruptions occurring at different embryonic stages.
  • These findings support a multifactorial etiology for certain congenital hand differences, involving insults at distinct periods of early embryonic development.

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