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Related Experiment Videos

Taurine effects on ionic currents in myocardial cells.

N Sperelakis1, H Satoh, G Bkaily

  • 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH 45267.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Taurine significantly impacts cardiac cell ion currents, stimulating fast sodium and calcium currents while inhibiting slow components. These actions may explain taurine's positive inotropic effects in heart muscle.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biophysics
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Taurine is an amino acid with known physiological roles.
  • Its specific effects on cardiac ion channels, particularly during embryonic development, require further elucidation.
  • Understanding these effects is crucial for explaining taurine's cardiac functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of taurine on various sodium (Na+) and calcium (Ca2+) currents in cultured embryonic chick ventricular cells.
  • To differentiate the actions of taurine on slow and fast current components.
  • To explore the implications of these current modulations for cardiac function.

Main Methods:

  • Whole-cell voltage clamp technique applied to cultured single ventricular cells from embryonic chicks (3, 10, and 17 days old).

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  • Application of taurine at varying concentrations (5 mM, 10 mM, 20 mM) to assess its impact on ion currents.
  • Analysis of effects on TTX-sensitive and TTX-insensitive Na+ currents (INa) and Ca2+ currents (ICa).

    • Main Results:

    • Taurine (5 mM) increased the amplitude of the TTX-insensitive fast Na+ current (INa(f)) in 3-day-old cells.
    • Taurine induced a fast transient component in the slow Na+ current (INa(s)) and inhibited the slow Ca2+ current (ICa(s)) while activating a fast transient component (ICa(f)).
    • Similar effects were observed in 10-day-old cells; taurine stimulated INa(f) and ICa(f) and inhibited slow components, potentially leading to increased intracellular calcium and positive inotropy.

    Conclusions:

    • Taurine modulates cardiac ion currents by stimulating fast transient Na+ and Ca2+ currents and inhibiting slow components.
    • The activation of TTX-insensitive INa(f) may enhance Ca2+ influx via Na+-Ca2+ exchange, contributing to taurine's positive inotropic effect.
    • Taurine exhibits complex, concentration-dependent effects on ion currents across cardiac, vascular smooth muscle, and neuronal cells.