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Hog cholera diagnostic techniques.

J E Pearson1

  • 1USDA, APHIS, S&T, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, Iowa.

Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
|July 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Accurate hog cholera diagnosis relies on laboratory testing, not just clinical signs. Advanced techniques like virus isolation and monoclonal antibodies improve detection and differentiate from bovine viral diarrhea virus.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Animal Disease Diagnostics

Background:

  • Clinical signs of hog cholera (HC) can suggest a diagnosis but require laboratory confirmation.
  • Traditional methods for HC detection involve antigen identification in tissue sections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline diagnostic laboratory techniques for hog cholera.
  • To emphasize the need for accurate differentiation between hog cholera virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus.

Main Methods:

  • Virus isolation in PK-15 cell cultures followed by immunofluorescence.
  • Use of fluorescein-conjugated antisera and monoclonal antibodies for antigen detection.
  • Serological tests including the fluorescent antibody virus neutralization (FAVN) test, ELISA, and peroxidase-labeled antibody tests.

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Main Results:

  • Virus isolation and immunofluorescence provide definitive diagnosis.
  • Monoclonal antibodies are crucial for distinguishing HC from cross-reacting BVD virus.
  • Serological assays like FAVN, ELISA, and peroxidase tests are vital for surveillance.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate hog cholera diagnosis necessitates laboratory confirmation beyond clinical signs.
  • Effective surveillance and diagnosis require methods that can differentiate HC from BVD.
  • Modern diagnostic approaches enhance the accuracy and reliability of hog cholera detection.