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Mycological findings in feline immunodeficiency virus-infected cats
F Mancianti1, C Giannelli, M Bendinelli
1Department of Animal Pathology, University of Pisa, Italy.
Abstract:
Thirty-five FIV-seropositive cats and 55 FIV-seronegative matched cats were examined for yeasts (oropharyngeal swabs) and dermatophytes (hair brushings). The frequency of isolation of Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans was significantly higher in the former group. The only dermatophyte isolated was Microsporum canis. Its prevalence was three times higher among FIV-infected cats than among control animals.
Insights
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection in cats is linked to a higher prevalence of fungal infections, including Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Microsporum canis. This highlights potential health risks associated with FIV in domestic cats.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Mycology
- Immunodeficiency Virus Research
- Feline Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is an important immunosuppressive pathogen in cats.
- Fungal infections can pose significant health risks, especially in immunocompromised individuals.
- Previous research indicates a potential link between FIV and secondary infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence of specific yeast and dermatophyte infections in FIV-seropositive versus FIV-seronegative cats.
- To determine if FIV infection influences the likelihood of acquiring certain fungal pathogens.
- To identify specific fungal species associated with FIV infection.
Main Methods:
- Comparative study design involving FIV-seropositive and age/sex-matched FIV-seronegative domestic cats.
- Collection of oropharyngeal swabs for yeast isolation and hair brushings for dermatophyte analysis.
- Microbiological culture and identification of isolated fungal species, including Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Microsporum canis.
Main Results:
- Significantly higher isolation rates of Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans were observed in FIV-seropositive cats.
- Microsporum canis was the only dermatophyte identified.
- The prevalence of Microsporum canis was three times greater in FIV-infected cats compared to controls.
Conclusions:
- FIV infection in cats is associated with an increased susceptibility to specific opportunistic fungal infections.
- Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Microsporum canis are potential opportunistic pathogens in FIV-infected felines.
- Routine screening for fungal infections may be warranted in FIV-positive cats.