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Herpes simplex virus infections.

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794-8091.

Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology

|October 1, 1992

Summary

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This review highlights advancements in diagnosing and managing genital herpes, including limitations of current serologic tests and new insights into neonatal herpes. Daily acyclovir therapy shows promise for controlling herpes simplex virus infections.

Area of Science:

Virology
Immunology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Genital herpes, caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV), presents diagnostic and management challenges.
Understanding HSV-1 and HSV-2 discrimination in testing is crucial for patient care.
Neonatal herpes and its association with HIV require updated clinical strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent findings on laboratory testing for HSV infections.
To discuss the implications of HSV in neonates and its link to HIV.
To provide updated therapeutic and management guidelines for genital herpes.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature and clinical reports on herpes simplex virus.
Analysis of serologic testing limitations and advancements in laboratory diagnostics.

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Evaluation of studies on neonatal herpes, asymptomatic shedding, and HSV-HIV co-infection.

Main Results:

Current commercial serologic tests cannot differentiate between HSV-1 and HSV-2.
Monoclonal antibodies enhance rapid confirmation of cultured HSV; antigen-detection assays are emerging.
New data identifies predictors of morbidity and mortality in neonatal herpes.
HSV infection is a confirmed risk factor for HIV acquisition.
Prolonged daily acyclovir therapy can control and modify herpesvirus infection.

Conclusions:

Healthcare providers must be aware of serologic testing limitations for HSV.
Advances in laboratory methods offer improved HSV detection.
Updated knowledge on neonatal herpes and HSV-HIV co-infection is vital.
Long-term acyclovir treatment is effective for managing genital herpes.