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Comparative in vitro activity of sparfloxacin (AT 4140, RP 64206--SPFX) against 275 multiresistant clinical isolates
H Giamarellou1, D Voutsinas, E Xirouchaki
1Athens University School of Medicine, 1st Department of Propedeutic Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, Greece.
Abstract:
The in-vitro activity of sparfloxacin was compared with that of pefloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, imipenem, ceftazidime, gentamicin and amikacin against 275 multiresistant nosocomial clinical isolates. They consisted of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (37), Enterobacter cloacae (42), Acinetobacter anitratus (60), Klebsiella pneumoniae (37) and Staphylococcus sp (99). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC90) and geometric mean MICs for sparfloxacin were as follows (mg/l): P. aeruginosa 128-23.7, E. cloacae 1-0.13, A. anitratus 2-0.14, K. pneumoniae 1-0.08, MRSA 16-0.98, MSSA 0.12-0.03, MRSE 0.25-0.12 and MSSE 0.12-0.05. It is concluded that sparfloxacin was the most potent agent against staphylococci and A. anitratus including strains resistant to the other quinolones while ciprofloxacin was the most potent agent against P. aeruginosa, E. cloacae and K. pneumoniae.
Insights
Sparfloxacin demonstrated potent in-vitro activity against multiresistant staphylococci and Acinetobacter anitratus, including quinolone-resistant strains. Ciprofloxacin showed superior efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Nosocomial infections are a growing concern due to multiresistant bacteria.
- Evaluating new antimicrobial agents is crucial for combating resistant pathogens.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the in-vitro antimicrobial activity of sparfloxacin against other agents.
- To assess sparfloxacin's efficacy against clinically relevant, multiresistant nosocomial isolates.
Main Methods:
- In-vitro susceptibility testing of sparfloxacin, pefloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, imipenem, ceftazidime, gentamicin, and amikacin.
- Testing was performed against 275 clinical isolates including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Acinetobacter anitratus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus species.
Main Results:
- Sparfloxacin exhibited potent activity against Staphylococcus species (MRSA, MSSA, MRSE, MSSE) and Acinetobacter anitratus, with MIC90 values as low as 0.12 mg/l for MSSA and 0.12 mg/l for MSSE.
- Ciprofloxacin was the most potent agent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
- Sparfloxacin demonstrated significant activity against strains resistant to other quinolones.
Conclusions:
- Sparfloxacin is a highly effective agent against staphylococci and Acinetobacter anitratus, including multidrug-resistant strains.
- Ciprofloxacin remains a potent choice for treating infections caused by P. aeruginosa, E. cloacae, and K. pneumoniae.
- The study highlights the differential activity profiles of fluoroquinolones against various nosocomial pathogens.