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Deletion polymorphism in the gene for angiotensin-converting enzyme is a potent risk factor for myocardial infarction

F Cambien1, O Poirier, L Lecerf

  • 1INSERM SC7, Paris, France.

Nature
|October 15, 1992
PubMed

Insights

The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene variation, specifically the DD genotype, is linked to a higher risk of myocardial infarction. This finding identifies a potent risk factor for coronary heart disease in individuals previously considered low-risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Genetics
  • Molecular Cardiology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Coronary heart disease (CHD) pathogenesis involves atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and vasoconstriction.
  • The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays a crucial role in vascular tone and smooth muscle cell proliferation.
  • The ACE/ID polymorphism influences circulating ACE levels, impacting cardiovascular regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the ACE/ID gene polymorphism and myocardial infarction (MI).
  • To determine if this polymorphism acts as a risk factor for CHD, particularly in specific subgroups.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study comparing patients with MI (n=610) and healthy controls (n=733).
  • Genotyping for the ACE/ID polymorphism to assess genotype frequencies.
  • Analysis of genotype association with MI, considering factors like body-mass index and ApoB levels.

Main Results:

  • The DD genotype was significantly more frequent in MI patients than in controls (P=0.007).
  • This association was particularly pronounced in subjects with low body-mass index and low plasma ApoB levels (P<0.0001).
  • The DD genotype correlates with higher circulating ACE levels.

Conclusions:

  • The ACE/ID polymorphism, specifically the DD genotype, is a significant risk factor for myocardial infarction.
  • This genetic variation identifies individuals at increased CHD risk, including those previously assessed as low-risk.
  • The findings highlight the importance of genetic profiling in cardiovascular risk assessment.

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