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Related Experiment Videos

Protein differences in tau mutant hamsters: candidate clock proteins.

J E Joy1, G S Johnson, T Lazar

  • 1Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics, NIMH Neurosciences Center, St. Elizabeths Hospital, Washington, DC 20032.

Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research
|September 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

The tau mutant hamster exhibits a shortened circadian rhythm period. Researchers identified two distinct proteins, P33tau and P32tau, which differ between mutant and wild-type hamsters, offering new insights into circadian rhythm regulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Circadian rhythms are endogenous biological processes regulating daily cycles.
  • The tau mutant hamster displays altered circadian period lengths, providing a model to study rhythm regulation.
  • Understanding the molecular basis of these period changes is crucial for elucidating vertebrate pacemaker mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biochemical differences associated with altered circadian rhythms in tau mutant hamsters.
  • To identify specific proteins involved in the period changes observed in the tau mutant.
  • To explore the potential of these proteins as tools for studying circadian pacemaker biochemistry.

Main Methods:

  • Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was employed to compare protein profiles.

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  • Protein expression and localization were analyzed across different hamster genotypes (wild type, heterozygous, homozygous tau mutant).
  • Soluble and insoluble cellular fractions from SCN and cortical tissues were examined.

    • Main Results:

    • Two protein sets, P33tau and P32tau, showed significant differences between tau mutant and wild-type hamsters.
    • P33tau (approx. 33 kDa, pI 6.5) was absent in most homozygous mutants but present in wild-type and heterozygotes.
    • P32tau (approx. 32 kDa, pI 4.8) exhibited distinct patterns in mutant versus wild-type animals, with P33tau found in soluble fractions and P32tau in insoluble fractions.

    Conclusions:

    • The identified proteins, P33tau and P32tau, are potential key players in the altered circadian rhythm observed in tau mutant hamsters.
    • These proteins, differentially expressed and localized, represent novel molecular markers for circadian pacemaker research.
    • Further investigation of P33tau and P32tau may reveal fundamental mechanisms of circadian rhythm regulation in vertebrates.