Related Experiment Videos
Acute and chronic effects of lisinopril on renal and systemic hemodynamics in hypertension
J P Degaute1, M Leeman, C Reuse
1Hypertension Clinic, Erasme University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.
Insights
Lisinopril effectively lowers blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension. This converting enzyme inhibitor also improves renal plasma flow without impacting cardiac output or glomerular filtration rate.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cardiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Essential hypertension is a common condition affecting systemic and renal hemodynamics.
- Converting enzyme inhibitors are a class of drugs used to manage hypertension.
- Understanding the specific effects of lisinopril on renal function is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the acute and chronic effects of lisinopril on renal and systemic hemodynamics in patients with essential hypertension.
- To assess the impact of lisinopril on blood pressure, cardiac output, renal plasma flow, and glomerular filtration rate.
- To determine the duration of lisinopril's hemodynamic effects after 3 months of daily dosing.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 12 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension.
- Measurements of cardiac output (Doppler echography), renal plasma flow, and glomerular filtration rate (isotopic techniques) were taken.
- Hemodynamic parameters were assessed before and after acute lisinopril administration and after 3 months of daily 20 mg lisinopril therapy.
Main Results:
- Acute and chronic lisinopril administration significantly decreased blood pressure (p < 0.05).
- Renal plasma flow increased significantly (p < 0.05) with lisinopril treatment.
- Cardiac output and glomerular filtration rate remained unchanged. Chronic treatment also reduced renal vascular resistance, with effects lasting at least 24 hours post-dosage.
Conclusions:
- Lisinopril is an effective antihypertensive agent for managing essential hypertension.
- Lisinopril demonstrates favorable renal hemodynamic effects, including increased renal plasma flow and reduced renal vascular resistance.
- The antihypertensive and renal effects of lisinopril are sustained with chronic daily dosing.
Abstract:
Acute and chronic effects of the converting enzyme inhibitor lisinopril on renal and systemic hemodynamics were studied in 12 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. After a washout period, cardiac output (measured by Doppler echography), renal plasma flow, and glomerular filtration rate (measured by isotopic techniques) were determined before and after oral administration of 20 mg lisinopril (visit 1). The same protocol was repeated after 3 months of lisinopril therapy 20 mg once daily (visit 2). Acute administration of lisinopril, both in untreated hypertensive patients (visit 1) and during long-term treatment (visit 2), decreased blood pressure (p < 0.05) and increased renal plasma flow (p < 0.05), while cardiac output and glomerular filtration rate were unchanged. Comparison of baseline parameters between visits 1 and 2 showed that chronic treatment with lisinopril decreased blood pressure and renal vascular resistance and that these effects were still significant 24-hours postdosage. We conclude that lisinopril is an effective antihypertensive agent with favorable renal hemodynamic effects.