Mutagenesis and chromosome mobilization in Hyphomicrobium facilis B-522

Spontaneously derived antibiotic-resistant mutants of Hyphomicrobium facilis B-522, a restricted facultative methylotroph, occurred at a high frequency on agar plates with low antibiotic concentrations. Mutants specifically defective in methanol oxidation have been obtained using an allyl alcohol direct selection technique. By chemical mutagenesis with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in the presence of chloramphenicol several stable auxotrophic mutants could be isolated: three leucine auxotrophs, two threonine auxotrophs, and two leucine-methionine double auxotrophic mutants. Optimal conditions for transposon mutagenesis have been developed by comparing several transposon delivery vectors. With the suicide plasmid pRK2013 as a vector, the tetracycline resistance conferring transposon Tn5-132 was introduced into the genome of H. facilis B-522. The following insertion mutants have been obtained: leu-3::Tn5-132, ilv-1::Tn5-132, and pur-1::Tn5-132. Broad host range IncP-1 plasmids could be successfully transferred by interspecific matings. Chromosome mobilization was demonstrated with the conjugative IncP-1 plasmids RP1, R68.45, pMO60, and H. facilis 2189 (leu-2, met-1, mox-1, nfs-1, str-12) as recipient strain. Transconjugants occurred at frequencies ranging from 10(-6) to 10(-8) for each marker.