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Oxygen toxicity.

S W Stogner1, D K Payne

  • 1Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University, Shreveport.

The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
|December 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Oxygen toxicity occurs due to free radical formation, overwhelming the body's antioxidant defenses. Currently, no drug effectively prevents oxygen toxicity in humans, emphasizing careful oxygen use and management of contributing factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry of oxygen metabolism
  • Cellular metabolism and oxidative stress
  • Physiology of oxygen toxicity

Background:

  • Oxygen therapy benefits are established, but toxicity is a recognized risk.
  • Oxygen toxicity primarily affects the lungs, eyes, and central nervous system.
  • Cellular damage from hyperoxia is linked to free radical formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of oxygen metabolism biochemistry.
  • To review the pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of oxygen toxicity.
  • To outline current management strategies for oxygen toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of basic science and clinical journals.
  • Selection of historical and current articles on oxygen toxicity.

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  • Inclusion of studies on animals and humans.

    • Main Results:

    • Hyperoxia induces free radical formation, causing cellular and organ injury.
    • Endogenous antioxidants detoxify reactive oxygen species, preventing damage.
    • Factors like age, nutrition, and disease influence oxygen toxicity development.

    Conclusions:

    • No reliably effective drug currently prevents oxygen toxicity in humans.
    • Minimizing oxygen toxicity involves using the lowest effective concentration and managing other factors.
    • Ongoing research aims to improve prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of oxygen toxicity.