[Pulmonary edema following obstruction of the upper airway]

The development of pulmonary edema after the relief of upper airway obstruction in two patients is described. Pulmonary edema in those patients was the result of increased negative intrapleural and intra-alveolar pressure during forceful inspiration and in the course of upper airway obstruction. An increase in the venous return occurs and the established transpulmonary pressure gradient promotes transudation into the interstitium and alveoli. Consequent alveolar hyperventilation results in hypoxia and acidosis. All patients developing pulmonary edema should be treated with positive pressure ventilation within 24-36 hours. The aim of this study was to alert physicians that besides know factors for the development of cardiogenic and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema there are also other significant mechanisms that cause the accumulation of fluid in pulmonary tissue.