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Related Experiment Videos

Antigen diffusion and uptake: a caveat in immunohistochemical interpretation.

H D Alpern1

  • 1Department of Pathology, Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital, Cooperstown, New York.

Modern Pathology : an Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc
|September 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Thyroglobulin was found in metastatic renal cell carcinoma cells in the thyroid. This likely resulted from uptake of thyroglobulin from damaged thyroid tissue, highlighting diagnostic challenges with tumor antigens.

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Human pathology·1992

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) can present with unusual tumor markers.
  • Immunohistochemistry is crucial for identifying tumor origins and differentiation.
  • Thyroglobulin is a specific marker for thyroid tissue.

Observation:

  • Monoclonal immunohistochemistry detected thyroglobulin in the cytoplasm of metastatic RCC cells within the thyroid gland.
  • This finding suggests a potential for cross-contamination or uptake of native thyroid material by tumor cells.

Findings:

  • The presence of thyroglobulin in RCC metastases is attributed to the release from injured native thyroid tissue, followed by diffusion and uptake by the tumor cells.
  • This phenomenon has been previously observed in other metastatic sites, including thyroid, skeletal muscle, and lymphoid tissue.

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Implications:

  • Demonstrating antigens within tumor cells that are also constituents of invaded native tissues requires careful interpretation.
  • Caution is advised when interpreting the significance of such antigens, especially when focally present.
  • Histologic evidence should be considered in conjunction with other diagnostic findings to avoid misinterpretation.