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Updated: Aug 19, 2026

Induction of Alloantigen-specific Anergy in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells by Alloantigen Stimulation with Co-stimulatory Signal Blockade
Published on: March 14, 2011
The role of cell division in the induction of clonal anergy
1Dept of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis 55455.
Abstract:
The interaction of antigen with lymphocyte antigen receptors can result in either clonal expansion or unresponsiveness (anergy). In 1970, Bretscher and Cohn proposed a two-signal model of lymphocyte activation to explain this paradox: antigen receptor occupancy alone could induce unresponsiveness whereas antigen receptor occupancy plus a costimulatory signal could induce immunity. Here, Marc Jenkins reviews in vitro and in vivo manifestations of clonal anergy and evaluates the ability of the two-signal model to explain these phenomena.
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