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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Visualization of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Mesenteric Venules After Mesenteric Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Intravital Microscopy
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Necrotizing mesenteric vasculitis after longstanding cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa.

C L Dewar1, N Bellamy

  • 1Rheumatic Diseases Unit, Queen's University, Kingston and Victoria Hospital, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.

The Journal of Rheumatology
|August 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

This case study highlights a rare instance of visceral vasculitis developing 6 years after initial cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) diagnosis in a young woman. The mesenteric vasculitis eventually responded to cyclophosphamide and prednisone treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Dermatology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a systemic vasculitis primarily affecting the skin.
  • Visceral involvement in PAN, while possible, is less common and often presents concurrently with skin manifestations.

Observation:

  • A 21-year-old woman presented with cutaneous PAN, which remained refractory to multiple therapies over a 6-year period.
  • During this time, investigations consistently failed to detect systemic involvement of PAN.
  • The patient subsequently developed necrotizing mesenteric vasculitis, a rare complication.

Findings:

  • The necrotizing mesenteric vasculitis in this patient demonstrated a significant response to treatment with cyclophosphamide and prednisone.
  • This case underscores the potential for delayed visceral organ involvement in patients initially diagnosed with cutaneous PAN.
  • The development of visceral vasculitis after a long history of cutaneous disease is exceptionally rare.

Implications:

  • This case expands the understanding of the potential clinical course and complications of polyarteritis nodosa.
  • It suggests the importance of vigilant monitoring for systemic involvement even in cases initially presenting as solely cutaneous PAN.
  • The successful treatment with cyclophosphamide offers a therapeutic option for this rare presentation of visceral vasculitis.