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[Glutamic acid as an excitatory neurotransmitter]
1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kanazawa University.
Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|July 1, 1992
Summary
L-glutamic acid (Glu) is a key excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). Its receptors, including NMDA and non-NMDA types, play crucial roles in neuronal signaling, memory, and learning.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Neurochemistry
Context:
- L-glutamic acid (Glu) is a principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS).
- Evidence supporting its role includes its excitatory action, CNS presence, release, uptake, and blockade by antagonists.
Purpose:
- To review the established role of L-glutamic acid (Glu) as a primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS.
- To outline the classification and functions of Glu receptors.
Summary:
- Glu receptors are categorized into ionotropic (non-NMDA and NMDA) and metabotropic types.
- Non-NMDA receptors facilitate signal transduction between neurons.
- NMDA receptor activation increases intracellular calcium, inducing synaptic plasticity, memory, and learning.
Impact:
- Provides a foundational understanding of glutamatergic neurotransmission.
- Highlights the significance of NMDA receptors in cognitive functions.
- Identifies the need for further research into metabotropic Glu receptor functions.