Prevalence of polycystic ovaries by transvaginal ultrasound and serum androgens

The present study compares the ovarian area and the androgen levels (testosterone, free testosterone, SHBG, testosterone/SHBG ratio) in the two patterns (peripheral cystic pattern, general cystic pattern) of polycystic ovaries diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasound. The results were as follows. (1) The ovarian area of the peripheral cystic pattern group of polycystic ovaries was significantly greater than that of normal controls, but in the general cystic group it was not. (2) Serum levels of testosterone and free testosterone, and the testosterone/SHBG ratio in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome were significantly higher than those of healthy controls; but with ultrasonographic classification, there was no significant difference between the peripheral cystic and general cystic groups. (3) In the polycystic ovary syndrome, elevated levels of testosterone and free testosterone, and of the testosterone/SHBG ratio were observed in approximately half of the patients. Ovarian morphology was different, but androgen status was similar in the two patterns of polycystic ovaries.