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Left ventricular dysfunction and HLA Bw52 antigen in Takayasu arteritis
K Kasuya1, Y Hashimoto, F Numano
1Third Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, School of Medicine, Japan.
Heart and Vessels. Supplement
|January 1, 1992
Summary
Takayasu arteritis patients with the HLA Bw52 antigen show more severe left ventricular involvement. This cardiac impairment, indicated by imaging tests, may explain the poorer prognosis in these patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Immunogenetics
- Rheumatology
Background:
- Takayasu arteritis is a large vessel vasculitis.
- Heart disease is a leading cause of mortality in Takayasu arteritis patients.
- The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) Bw52 has been associated with Takayasu arteritis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between HLA Bw52 antigen and left ventricular (LV) involvement in Takayasu arteritis.
- To determine if the presence of HLA Bw52 influences the severity of cardiac manifestations.
Main Methods:
- Studied 40 Takayasu arteritis patients (21 with HLA Bw52, 19 without).
- Utilized Tl-201 stress myocardial scintigraphy and echocardiography to assess LV function and structure.
- Compared electrocardiographic findings, aortic regurgitation, interventricular septal and left ventricular posterior wall thickness, LV mass, and myocardial perfusion between patient groups.
Main Results:
- Patients with HLA Bw52 exhibited significantly higher rates of abnormal electrocardiograms (67% vs. 26%) and aortic regurgitation (52% vs. 11%).
- Echocardiography revealed significantly increased interventricular septal plus left ventricular posterior wall thickness (25 ± 8 mm vs. 17 ± 3 mm) and LV mass (257 ± 132 g vs. 142 ± 51 g) in HLA Bw52 positive patients.
- Myocardial perfusion abnormalities were significantly more frequent in patients with HLA Bw52 (76% vs. 32%).
Conclusions:
- The presence of HLA Bw52 antigen is associated with more severe left ventricular involvement in Takayasu arteritis.
- This increased cardiac impairment in HLA Bw52 positive patients may contribute to their poorer prognosis.
- HLA Bw52 serves as a potential biomarker for identifying Takayasu arteritis patients at higher risk for severe cardiac complications.