Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

What is the Skeletal System?01:02

What is the Skeletal System?

Overview
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
The Functions of the Skeletal System01:22

The Functions of the Skeletal System

The most apparent functions of the skeletal system are support, protection, and movement. However, bone tissue also performs several other critical metabolic functions. For one, the bone matrix acts as a reservoir for a number of minerals important to the functioning of the body, especially calcium and phosphorus. These minerals, present in the bone tissue, can be released back into the bloodstream when required. Calcium ions, for example, are essential for muscle contractions and controlling...
Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Germplasm evaluation to obtain inulin with high degree of polymerization in Mediterranean environment.

Natural product research·2019
Same author

Differentiation of the Effects of pH and Lactic or Acetic Acid Concentration on the Kinetics of Listeria Monocytogenes Inactivation.

Journal of food protection·2019
Same author

FAO/WHO GIFT (Global Individual Food consumption data Tool): a global repository for harmonised individual quantitative food consumption studies.

The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society·2019
Same author

Assessing environmental impacts of constructed wetland effluents for vegetable crop irrigation.

International journal of phytoremediation·2015
Same author

Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopic characterization of mineralizing type I collagen enzymatic trivalent cross-links.

Calcified tissue international·2014
Same author

Complementary feeding and dietary prevention of non communicable diseases - a gap in the life course approach?

Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD·2012
Same journal

Rethinking anticoagulation intensity during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Lancet (London, England)·2026
Same journal

Standard-dose unfractionated heparin versus low-dose unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin in extracorporeal life support (RATE): an open-label, randomised, non-inferiority trial.

Lancet (London, England)·2026
Same journal

Inherited retinal degenerations: clinical phenotypes and emerging therapies.

Lancet (London, England)·2026
Same journal

Documenting hospice care.

Lancet (London, England)·2026
Same journal

After the wood chipper.

Lancet (London, England)·2026
Same journal

Assisted dying and the silencing of medicine's next generation.

Lancet (London, England)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Bone turnover in malnourished children.

F Branca1, S P Robins, A Ferro-Luzzi

  • 1Istituto Nazionale della Nutrizione, Rome, Italy.

Lancet (London, England)
|December 19, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Urinary pyridinoline (PYD) and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) are collagen cross-links that indicate bone and cartilage turnover. Malnourished children showed significantly lower excretion rates, which increased after recovery, correlating with height gain.

Keywords:
Age FactorsAmericasAnthropometryBiologyBody HeightBody WeightCaribbeanCase Control StudiesChildChild, MaleClinical ResearchDeficiency DiseasesDelivery Of Health CareDemographic FactorsDeveloping CountriesDiseasesFood SupplementationHealthHealth ServicesJamaicaKwashiorkorMalnutritionMeasurementMetabolic EffectsNorth AmericaNutritionNutrition DisordersNutrition IndexesNutrition ProgramsPhysiologyPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsPrimary Health CareResearch MethodologyResearch ReportStudiesYouth

More Related Videos

Evaluation of Amino Acid Consumption in Cultured Bone Cells and Isolated Bone Shafts
06:32

Evaluation of Amino Acid Consumption in Cultured Bone Cells and Isolated Bone Shafts

Published on: April 13, 2022

Using Real-Time Cell Metabolic Flux Analyzer to Monitor Osteoblast Bioenergetics
09:43

Using Real-Time Cell Metabolic Flux Analyzer to Monitor Osteoblast Bioenergetics

Published on: March 1, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Evaluation of Amino Acid Consumption in Cultured Bone Cells and Isolated Bone Shafts
06:32

Evaluation of Amino Acid Consumption in Cultured Bone Cells and Isolated Bone Shafts

Published on: April 13, 2022

Using Real-Time Cell Metabolic Flux Analyzer to Monitor Osteoblast Bioenergetics
09:43

Using Real-Time Cell Metabolic Flux Analyzer to Monitor Osteoblast Bioenergetics

Published on: March 1, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Pediatrics
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • Pyridinoline (PYD) and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) are collagen cross-links found in bone and cartilage.
  • Urinary excretion of PYD and DPD serves as a specific marker for skeletal turnover due to bone matrix resorption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess skeletal turnover in severely malnourished boys using PYD and DPD excretion.
  • To investigate the relationship between skeletal turnover and subsequent growth rate during recovery.

Main Methods:

  • Measurement of urinary PYD and DPD excretion rates in 46 severely malnourished boys.
  • Assessment of anthropometric data (height-for-age, weight-for-height) and height gain during recovery.

Main Results:

  • Urinary PYD and DPD excretion rates were significantly lower in malnourished boys compared to post-recovery.
  • Skeletal turnover markers increased substantially after nutritional rehabilitation.
  • The rate of height gain during recovery was significantly correlated with initial cross-link excretion, age, and weight-for-height.

Conclusions:

  • Urinary PYD and DPD levels reflect skeletal turnover in malnourished children.
  • These markers can be utilized to monitor therapeutic interventions aimed at improving growth and alleviating stunting.