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Microencapsulated pancreatic islets: a pathologic study.

F J Leu1, C F Chen, W E Chiang

  • 1Department of Pathology, Tri-Serivce General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.

Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan Yi Zhi
|September 1, 1992
PubMed
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Microencapsulated dog pancreatic islets show improved insulin secretion and stability. This xenotransplantation in diabetic mice maintained low blood glucose for up to 60 days, outperforming non-encapsulated islets.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cell Biology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia.
  • Pancreatic islet transplantation is a potential therapeutic strategy for diabetes.
  • Xenotransplantation of islets faces challenges including immune rejection and graft survival.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of microencapsulated dog pancreatic islets for diabetes treatment.
  • To assess the in vitro stability and insulin secretion of encapsulated islets.
  • To investigate the in vivo biocompatibility and long-term function of microencapsulated islet xenografts.

Main Methods:

  • Dog pancreatic islets were isolated and encapsulated in alginate-poly L-lysine-alginate membranes.

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  • In vitro culture and viability studies were performed to assess islet health and function.
  • Microencapsulated and non-encapsulated islets were transplanted into streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.
  • Blood glucose levels, graft survival, and host immune response were monitored.

    • Main Results:

    • In vitro culture enhanced islet stability and insulin secretion.
    • Microencapsulated islets maintained normoglycemia in diabetic mice for up to 60 days.
    • Non-encapsulated islets only sustained normoglycemia for approximately 14 days.
    • Histological analysis revealed fibroblast and macrophage infiltration around microcapsules after 56 days, with smoother outer surfaces reducing rupture risk.

    Conclusions:

    • Alginate-poly L-lysine-alginate microencapsulation improves the survival and function of dog pancreatic islets for xenotransplantation.
    • Microencapsulation provides a protective barrier against host immune responses, prolonging graft efficacy.
    • Optimizing microcapsule size and integrity is crucial for successful long-term islet xenotransplantation in diabetes therapy.