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[The hematological and biochemical changes in workers exposed to benzol]
Problemi Na Khigienata
|January 1, 1992
Summary
Benzol exposure in workers causes early white blood cell changes, including inhibited alkaline phosphatase, indicating myelotoxicity. Liver function remained normal, with minor lipid metabolism shifts in high-risk groups.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Toxicology
- Hematology
Background:
- Benzol (benzene) is a significant chemical noxious agent in industrial working environments.
- Assessing the dose-effect relationship of benzol exposure is crucial for understanding its health impacts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the dose-effect relationship between benzol exposure and hematological changes in workers.
- To identify early biomarkers of benzol's myelotoxic effects.
Main Methods:
- Studied 122 workers from two production sites with varying benzol exposure levels.
- Analyzed routine peripheral blood indices, myeloperoxidase, and alkaline phosphatase activity in leukocytes.
- Included an organ-orientated screening for liver function assessment.
Main Results:
- Early leukocyte changes observed in high-exposure workers: neutropenia, toxic granules, and leukopenia tendency.
- Strongly inhibited alkaline phosphatase in granulocytes identified as an early sign of benzol's myelotoxic effect.
- No significant deviations in liver function tests; minor lipid metabolism changes noted in the highest risk group.
Conclusions:
- Inhibited alkaline phosphatase in leukocytes is a reliable early indicator of benzol-induced myelotoxicity.
- Benzol exposure primarily affects the hematopoietic system, with minimal impact on liver function in this cohort.
- Further monitoring of lipid metabolism in high-risk workers may be warranted.