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Continuous separation of particles from macromolecules in split-flow thin (SPLITT) cells.

S Levin1, J C Giddings

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112.

Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
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This study demonstrates rapid particle and macromolecule separation using a split-flow thin (SPLITT) cell. The method combines sedimentation and diffusion for efficient separation, with potential for centrifugal force enhancement.

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Separation Science
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Micron-sized particle and macromolecule separation is crucial in various scientific fields.
  • Existing separation techniques can be time-consuming or lack efficiency for complex mixtures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a rapid separation method for micron-sized particles from macromolecules.
  • To explore the combined use of sedimentation and diffusion in a split-flow thin (SPLITT) cell.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a split-flow thin (SPLITT) cell employing gravity as the driving force.
  • Simultaneously applied sedimentation for particle displacement and diffusion for macromolecule displacement.
  • Developed theoretical equations to predict separation efficiency based on combined transport mechanisms.

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Main Results:

  • Achieved excellent agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental results for polystyrene latex beads and proteins.
  • Demonstrated the effectiveness of the SPLITT cell in separating distinct components based on size and transport properties.
  • Partially successful separation of red blood cells and plasma proteins, indicating limitations with weak sedimentation.

Conclusions:

  • The SPLITT cell offers a viable method for rapid particle and macromolecule separation.
  • Theoretical models accurately predict separation outcomes.
  • Centrifugal forces may enhance SPLITT cell performance for weakly sedimenting biological components like red blood cells.