Development of low cost all glass recirculation systems for environmental applications

Some simple glassware has been developed for recirculation of liquid medium. These glassware have wider applications and have been tested in experiments involving leaching, biodegradation, and desulfurization. The fabrication cost is minimum and can be developed in a small glassware workshop. Such a development has certain advantages as no separate mechanical devices are needed, the flow can be easily monitored due to transparency of the apparatus, acidic or alkaline medium can also be circulated. The paper discusses the development, design and fabrication of some specialized glass recirculation systems and its environmental applications.