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Related Experiment Videos

Elevated complement C3a in plasma from patients with severe acute asthma.

Yutaka Nakano1, Satoru Morita, Akira Kawamoto

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu Rosai Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|September 19, 2003
PubMed
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Elevated levels of complement component C3a (anaphylatoxin) were found in patients with severe asthma exacerbations, indicating a link between C3a and poorer treatment response.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pulmonology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Complement component C3a (anaphylatoxin) triggers acute inflammatory responses, including smooth muscle contraction and mucus hypersecretion.
  • These inflammatory actions suggest a potential role for C3a in airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction during acute asthma exacerbations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate elevated plasma C3a levels in patients presenting with acute asthma exacerbations.
  • To correlate C3a concentrations with the therapeutic response in these patients.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma C3a and serum eosinophil cationic protein were measured in 52 patients with severe acute asthma and 42 with stable asthma.
  • Patients were categorized based on their response to initial bronchodilator and corticosteroid therapy within 2 hours.

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Main Results:

  • Plasma C3a levels were significantly higher in patients with severe acute asthma requiring admission compared to those discharged or with stable asthma (P <.0001).
  • Elevated C3a concentrations in admitted patients decreased significantly by day 7.
  • No significant difference in eosinophil cationic protein was observed between admitted and discharged severe asthma groups.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma C3a concentrations are associated with the severity of acute asthma exacerbations.
  • Higher C3a levels correlate with a poorer response to emergency treatment for severe asthma.