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INTERMAP: background, aims, design, methods, and descriptive statistics (nondietary).

J Stamler1, P Elliott, B Dennis

  • 1Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. jstamler@northwestern.edu

Journal of Human Hypertension
|September 19, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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High blood pressure (BP) is a major cardiovascular disease risk. This study investigated how multiple nutrients and dietary factors influence BP in adults, beyond sodium, potassium, alcohol, and body mass. Findings aim to identify specific dietary components affecting BP for better cardiovascular health.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular epidemiology
  • Nutritional science
  • Public health

Background:

  • Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), with high prevalence in adult populations.
  • While factors like salt, alcohol, and body mass are known BP influences, research into other dietary components remains limited.
  • Previous studies, including the DASH feeding trials, showed significant BP reduction with dietary modifications, highlighting the need to identify specific contributing nutrients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the influences of multiple nutrients on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in individuals.
  • To investigate the role of dietary factors in the inverse association between education and BP.
  • To explore associations between SBP/DBP and various nutrients, urinary metabolites, and foods, beyond established risk factors.

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Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional epidemiologic study of 4680 adults aged 40-59 years across diverse populations in China, Japan, UK, and USA.
  • Assessment of individual dietary intake of 76 nutrients from four 24-hour recalls and measurement of 24-hour urinary excretion of key electrolytes, metabolites, and nutrients.
  • Utilized multiple linear regression and quantile analyses, incorporating data on numerous potential confounders, to test hypotheses and explore dietary-BP relationships.

Main Results:

  • The study tested 10 prior hypotheses on macronutrient-BP relations and the role of dietary factors in education-BP associations.
  • Explored associations of multiple other nutrients, urinary metabolites, and foods with SBP/DBP.
  • Detailed data on dietary intake, urinary excretion, and BP measurements were collected for all 4680 participants.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides comprehensive data to elucidate specific nutrient influences on blood pressure.
  • Findings contribute to understanding the complex interplay between diet, lifestyle, and cardiovascular health.
  • Results will aid in identifying targeted dietary strategies for managing and preventing hypertension.