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Related Concept Videos

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

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Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...
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Spastic velocity threshold constrains functional performance in cerebral palsy.

Ann E Tuzson1, Kevin P Granata, Mark F Abel

  • 1Motion Analysis and Motor Performance Laboratory, Kluge Children's Rehabilitation Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 24061, USA.

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
|September 19, 2003
PubMed
Summary

This study quantifies spasticity in children with cerebral palsy (CP), finding that spastic threshold velocity impacts knee movement during fast walking and correlates with functional ability. This velocity-based assessment aids in understanding spasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Biomechanical Engineering
  • Pediatric Rehabilitation

Background:

  • Spasticity is a common motor disorder in children with cerebral palsy (CP), affecting muscle tone and movement.
  • Quantitative assessments are needed to better understand the impact of spasticity on functional mobility in children with CP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a quantitative, velocity-based assessment of spasticity in the quadriceps and hamstrings muscles of children with CP.
  • To determine the effect of spasticity on knee joint velocities during fast gait in children with CP.

Main Methods:

  • A quantitative comparison of neuromuscular and biomechanical performance was conducted between 18 ambulatory children with CP and 11 age-matched controls.
  • Spastic threshold velocity was measured using electromyography during passive isovelocity knee movements.
  • Knee angular velocity during fast walking, Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) scores, and Ashworth Scale scores were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Children with CP and measurable spasticity exhibited slower peak knee angular velocity during walking compared to those without spasticity (P<.005).
  • A strong significant correlation was found between spastic threshold velocity and peak knee angular velocity during fast walking (r=.85, P<.001).
  • Spastic threshold velocity showed a significant correlation with GMFM scores (r=.58, P<.05) but not with Ashworth Scale scores.

Conclusions:

  • Velocity-dependent spasticity can be quantitatively measured using electromyography and dynamometry to determine spastic threshold velocity.
  • Spastic threshold velocity is a significant correlate of limitations in joint angular velocity during walking and overall functional performance in children with CP.