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Related Experiment Videos

Dye-enhanced laser welding for skin closure.

S D DeCoste1, W Farinelli, T Flotte

  • 1Wellman Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114.

Lasers in Surgery and Medicine
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Laser welding using indocyanine green dye and an alexandrite laser successfully joined guinea pig skin. Optimal welding occurred within a specific irradiance range, varying with dye concentration, showing potential for clinical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Dermatology
  • Laser Physics

Background:

  • Tissue welding offers an alternative to sutures and staples.
  • Selective energy delivery to target tissues is crucial for effective laser-based procedures.
  • Indocyanine green (IG) is a photosensitizing dye with absorption in the near-infrared spectrum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of indocyanine green (IG) dye-enhanced laser welding on guinea pig skin.
  • To determine the optimal parameters for laser welding using IG and an alexandrite laser.
  • To assess the feasibility of this technique for potential clinical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Albino guinea pig skin was used to test laser welding with IG dye and an alexandrite laser (780 nm).

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  • IG dye binding to dermal collagen and skin optical transmittance were analyzed.
  • Laser welding was performed at varying IG concentrations and irradiances (1-20 W/cm²), with pulse duration of 250 microseconds and 8 Hz frequency.

    • Main Results:

    • Indocyanine green bound to the superficial dermis (25 microns) and collagen.
    • Near-infrared optical transmittance of guinea pig skin was 40%, allowing adequate laser penetration.
    • Successful skin welding was achieved, with optimal results at an irradiance range inversely proportional to IG concentration.
    • Higher irradiances led to thermal damage confined to the weld site, while excessive irradiances caused vaporization and weld failure.

    Conclusions:

    • Indocyanine green dye-enhanced laser welding is a viable technique for skin closure in vivo.
    • The optimal irradiance for welding is dependent on dye concentration, requiring further refinement for clinical use.
    • This method holds promise for future dermatological and surgical applications.