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Developments in the control of testicular function.

R S Swerdloff, C Wang, S Bhasin

    Bailliere'S Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
    |April 1, 1992
    PubMed
    Summary
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    New medical strategies effectively control male reproductive functions. These advances offer promising treatments for precocious puberty, prostate cancer, and the development of reversible male contraceptives.

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Endocrinology
    • Andrology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • The hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis regulation is crucial for male reproductive functions.
    • Improved methods for controlling testicular function are essential for clinical applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review successful methods for inhibiting the male reproductive axis.
    • To discuss current and prospective applications in various medical conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists and testosterone for male contraception.
    • Employing GnRH analogues for precocious puberty management.
    • Administering GnRH analogues and androgen blockers for prostate cancer.
    • Investigating 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors and alpha-adrenergic blockers for benign prostatic hyperplasia.
    Keywords:
    AndrogensBiologyCancerContraceptionContraception Research--menContraceptive AgentsContraceptive Agents, MaleDiseasesEndocrine SystemFamily PlanningFollicle Stimulating HormoneGenitaliaGenitalia, MaleGonadotropinsGonadotropins, PituitaryHormonesLuteinizing HormoneMale ContraceptionNeoplasmsPhysiologyProstateSpermatogenesis Blocking AgentsTestisTestosteroneTreatmentUrogenital System

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    Main Results:

    • Combined GnRH antagonists and testosterone achieve azoospermia/severe oligospermia in most men.
    • GnRH analogues effectively suppress gonadotropin secretion for precocious puberty.
    • Endocrine therapy provides palliative effects for advanced prostate cancer.
    • Medical treatments show potential for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

    Conclusions:

    • Medical inhibition of the reproductive axis offers effective treatments for precocious puberty, prostate cancer, and male contraception.
    • Reversible male contraceptive approaches are nearing reality.
    • Non-surgical options are emerging for benign prostatic hyperplasia management.