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Neurology of language.

D Tranel1

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City.

Current Opinion in Neurology and Neurosurgery
|February 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Recent research advances our understanding of the brain's language networks using positron emission tomography (PET) and studying infant language development. New insights into progressive aphasia also shed light on lexical access structures.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Linguistics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Human speech and language processing involve complex neural underpinnings.
  • Previous research has localized language functions primarily to the left hemisphere.
  • Understanding language acquisition and disorders is crucial for neurological and cognitive science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding the neural basis of human speech and language.
  • To explore novel findings from positron emission tomography (PET) studies on language.
  • To examine new perspectives on language development in infants and the study of progressive aphasia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent investigations and theoretical models in speech and language neuroscience.
  • Application of positron emission tomography (PET) techniques for language research.
  • Observational studies on deaf infants' sign babbling and clinical investigations of progressive aphasia.

Main Results:

  • PET studies corroborate the role of left hemisphere structures in language and reveal new findings.
  • Studies of deaf infants suggest innate mechanisms for language acquisition, evidenced by sign babbling.
  • Research on progressive aphasia provides diagnostic clues for neuropathology and insights into lexical access.

Conclusions:

  • Recent research has significantly enhanced our understanding of the neural basis of language.
  • Innovative methods like PET and infant studies are yielding crucial data on language processing and development.
  • Progressive aphasia remains an important area for both clinical diagnosis and understanding the brain's language organization.

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