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Suicide risk and serotonin.

P Nordström1, M Asberg

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

International Clinical Psychopharmacology
|June 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Research suggests a link between suicidal behavior and serotonin levels. Studies show decreased serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in suicide victims, indicating potential biomarkers for suicide risk.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Accumulating evidence supports a psychobiological reconceptualization of suicidal behavior.
  • The serotonin hypothesis of suicide risk is a key area of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review research evidence for the psychobiological basis of suicidal behavior.
  • To examine the role of serotonin in suicide risk.

Main Methods:

  • Review of postmortem brain studies of suicide victims.
  • Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies in patients attempting suicide.
  • Examination of follow-up studies on mood disorder patients.

Main Results:

  • Postmortem studies reveal decreased serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in suicide victims' brains.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Altered serotonin neuron presynaptic binding and increased postsynaptic 5HT2 receptors in the prefrontal cortex are observed.
  • Low CSF 5-HIAA levels in patients who attempted suicide predict future suicide risk.

    • Conclusions:

    • Biological correlates, particularly involving serotonin, are strongly associated with suicidal behavior.
    • The clinical utility of these findings in managing suicide risk requires further psychopharmacological treatment research.