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Ondansetron is effective in decreasing postoperative nausea and vomiting
M Dershwitz1, C E Rosow, P M Di Biase
1Department of Anesthesia, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114.
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
|July 1, 1992
Summary
Ondansetron significantly reduces postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in surgical patients. This study found ondansetron to be highly effective compared to placebo, with a similar safety profile.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Pharmacology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication after surgery.
- Effective prophylaxis strategies are crucial for patient recovery and satisfaction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of ondansetron in preventing PONV.
- To compare ondansetron's effectiveness against a placebo in surgical patients.
Main Methods:
- A double-blind, randomized study involving 50 women undergoing surgery.
- Participants received either intravenous ondansetron (16 mg total) or placebo.
- Emetic episodes and nausea severity were assessed over 24 postoperative hours.
Main Results:
- Ondansetron significantly reduced emetic episodes (p < 0.001).
- Patients receiving ondansetron reported significantly lower nausea scores (p < 0.001).
- Complete response rates were 58% for ondansetron versus 4% for placebo (p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
- Ondansetron is a highly effective prophylactic treatment for PONV.
- The safety profile of ondansetron was comparable to placebo in this study.