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Related Experiment Videos

Lung mast cell density and distribution in chronically hypoxic animals.

A Tucker, I F McMurtry, A F Alexander

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |February 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    High altitude exposure caused mast cell proliferation in calf lungs. Perivascular mast cell density correlated with pulmonary hypertension, suggesting hypertension, not hypoxia, drives mast cell increases.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Altitude Medicine
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Pulmonary mast cells play roles in inflammation and vascular remodeling.
    • Hypobaric hypoxia is known to induce pulmonary hypertension.
    • The specific response of mast cells to altitude-induced pulmonary hypertension requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate changes in pulmonary mast cell density and distribution in response to hypobaric hypoxia.
    • To determine if mast cell proliferation correlates with pulmonary hypertension markers.
    • To elucidate the role of mast cells in altitude-related pulmonary vascular changes.

    Main Methods:

    • Six mammalian species were exposed to hypobaric hypoxia (PB = 435 Torr) for 19-48 days.
    • Control animals were studied at 1,600 m (PB = 635 Torr).

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  • Mast cell density and distribution were analyzed in lung tissues, with correlations to pulmonary hypertension indices.

    • Main Results:

    • Total lung mast cell hyperplasia was observed only in calves.
    • Pigs, rats, and sheep showed insignificant increases in mast cell density.
    • Perivascular mast cell proliferation occurred in calves and pigs, correlating with pulmonary hypertension indicators.

    Conclusions:

    • Perivascular mast cell proliferation is linked to pulmonary vascular remodeling and hypertension, rather than solely to hypoxia.
    • Mast cells may increase in response to pulmonary hypertension, potentially playing a role in its development or maintenance.
    • Further research is needed to clarify the precise mechanisms by which mast cells interact with pulmonary hypertension.